Kiri Kuroda
Max Planck Institute for Human Development
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Biography
I study human social and group decision-making using behavioral experiments and cognitive modelling.
For details, please see my curriculum vitae.
Interests
- Group decision-making
- Decision under uncertainty
- Speed–accuracy tradeoff
Career
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Visiting Researcher, 2023–Present
Max Planck Institute for Human Development
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PhD (Social Psychology), 2023
The University of Tokyo
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MA (Social Psychology), 2018
The University of Tokyo
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BA (Social Psychology), 2016
The University of Tokyo
News
Papers
Majority rule can help solve difficult tasks even when confident members opt out to serve individual interests
When sharing a common goal, confident and competent members are often motivated to contribute to the group, boosting its decision performance. However, it is unclear whether this process remains effective when members can opt in or out of group decisions and prioritize individual interests. Our laboratory experiment (n = 63) and cognitive modeling showed that at the individual level, confidence, competence, and a preference for risk motivated participants’ opt-out decisions. We then analyzed the group-level accuracy of majority decisions by creating many virtual groups of 25 members resampled from the 63 participants in the experiment. Whereas the majority decisions by voters who preferred to participate in group decision making were inferior to individual decisions by loners who opted out in an easy task, this was reversed in a difficult task. Bootstrap-simulation analyses decomposed these outcomes into the effects of a decrease in group size and a decrease in voters’ accuracy accruing from the opt-in/out mechanism, demonstrating how these effects interacted with task difficulty. Our results suggest that the majority rule still works to tackle challenging problems even when individual interests are emphasized over collective performance, playing a functional as well as a democratic role in consensus decision making under uncertainty.
Majority rule can help groups solve difficult tasks even when confident members opt out to serve individual interests
When sharing a common goal, confident and competent members are often motivated to contribute to the group, boosting its decision performance. However, it is unclear whether this process remains effective when members can opt in or out of group decisions and prioritize individual interests. Our laboratory experiment and cognitive modeling showed that confidence, competence, and a preference for risk motivated participants’ opt-out decisions. Whereas the majority decisions by voters who remained in the group were inferior to individual decisions by loners who opted out in an easy task, this was reversed in a difficult task. Bootstrap-simulation analyses decomposed these outcomes into the effects of group size and bias in the distribution of the voters’ accuracy accruing from the opt-in/out mechanism, demonstrating how these effects interacted with task difficulty. Our results suggest that the majority rule still works to tackle challenging problems even when individual interests are emphasized over collective performance.
Behavioral and neuro-cognitive bases for emergence of norms and socially shared realities via dynamic interaction
In the digital era, new socially shared realities and norms emerge rapidly, whether they are beneficial or harmful to our societies. Although these are emerging properties from dynamic interaction, most research has centered on static situations where isolated individuals face extant norms. We investigated how perceptual norms emerge endogenously as shared realities through interaction, using behavioral and fMRI experiments coupled with computational modeling. Social interactions fostered convergence of perceptual responses among people, not only overtly but also at the covert psychophysical level that generates overt responses. Reciprocity played a critical role in increasing the stability (reliability) of the psychophysical function within each individual, modulated by neural activity in the mentalizing network during interaction. These results imply that bilateral influence promotes mutual cognitive anchoring of individual views, producing shared generative models at the collective level that enable endogenous agreement on totally new targets–one of the key functions of social norms.
Halo effect of faces and bodies: Cross-cultural similarities and differences between German and Japanese observers
According to the halo effect, person perceptions are globally biased by specific traits or characteristics. Attractive people are attributed positive traits like prosociality, health, and dominance. However, due to a strong focus on facial stimuli it remains unclear whether this effect can also be found for bodies. Furthermore, most studies involved observers from individualistic cultures. This preregistered study explored the cross-cultural consistency of halo effects for men’s faces and bodies. Facial photos and 3D body scans of 165 German men were judged separately for attractiveness, prosociality, health, and dominance by 123 German and 100 Japanese observers. Results were mostly cross-culturally consistent and revealed strong attractiveness halo effects for faces and bodies, and a dominance halo effect for bodies, but not faces. Further predictions of the one ornament hypothesis were supported. This study provides new insights on halo effects as cross-culturally consistent cognitive biases in person perception for faces and bodies.
Inequality biases third-party evaluation of decision-making for others
People often need to make risky decisions for others, especially in policymaking, where a single decision can affect the welfare of a number of people. Given that risky decisions can yield variable outcomes and that people often evaluate policies after knowing the outcomes, the same risky policy can be evaluated differently depending on its outcome. Nevertheless, very little is known about how people make third-party evaluations of risky policies. Because people are sensitive to inequality among others, we predicted that the same policy would be evaluated more negatively if it leads to inequality rather than other outcomes. To examine this, we conducted a scenario experiment on risky and sure policies and investigated whether people’s distributive preferences moderated policy evaluation. We show that participants rated the risky policy lower when it yielded unequal situations between the recipients. Interestingly, participants did not evaluate the risky policy higher than the sure policy even when the risky policy yielded more desirable outcomes. In addition, participants who preferred sure distributions as decision makers or recipients showed the inequality aversion, whereas participants who preferred risky distributions showed no such pattern. Our results suggest that policy evaluation may be susceptible to the risks and inequality of outcomes among recipients.
Awards & Grants
Overseas Research Fellowships (JPY 12,556,000)
Repayment Exemption of JASSO Scholarship (Category 1)
Career
Visiting Researcher
Host researchers: Prof. Dr. Ralph Hertwig, Dr. Ralf Kurvers
JSPS Overseas Research Fellow
Teaching Fellow
Teaching Development in Higher Education
Teaching Fellow
Teaching Development in Higher Education
Completion of UTokyo Future Faculty Program
Certified as an excellent participant
JSPS Research Fellow (DC2)
As a supplementary prize of the 11th JSPS Ikushi Prize
Teaching Assistant
Research Method in Social Psychology IV
Teaching Assistant
Research Method in Social Psychology IV
JSPS Research Fellow (DC1)
Teaching Assistant
Research Method in Social Psychology
Teaching Assistant
Laboratory Course in Experimental Social Psychology (1)
Talks
- 黒田起吏. 相互作用を通じた共有現実の創発を支える行動・認知神経基盤. 第29回KG-RCSPセミナー, 関西学院大学, 2023年2月9日（口頭・招待）.
- 小倉有紀子, 黒田起吏, 小川昭利, 為井智也, 池田和司, 亀田達也. 「共有現実」の社会的創発の認知・神経基盤. 日本人間行動進化学会第15回大会, 北海道大学, 2022年12月10–11日（口頭）.
- Yukiko Ogura, Kiri Kuroda, Akitoshi Ogawa, Tomoya Tamei, Kazushi Ikeda, & Tatsuya Kameda. Behavioral and neuro-cognitive bases for the emergence of a shared reality through social interaction. The 45th Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society (Neuro 2022)，Okinawa Convention Center，June 30th–July 3rd, 2022 (Oral).
- 黒田起吏・髙橋茉優・亀田達也「自信のないメンバーによる投票バイアスが集合愚を生む」日本心理学会第85回大会，オンライン開催，2021年9月1日–8日（優秀発表賞受賞）.
- 髙橋茉優・黒田起吏・亀田達也「格差是正と再分配意思決定に関する実験的検討」日本心理学会第85回大会，オンライン開催，2021年9月1日–8日（優秀発表賞受賞）.
- 黒田起吏・髙橋茉優・亀田達也「自信のないメンバーの投票による多数決の精度の低下」日本社会心理学会第62回大会，オンライン開催，2021年8月26日–27日.
- 髙橋茉優・黒田起吏・亀田達也「格差是正と再分配意思決定に関する実験的検討」日本社会心理学会第62回大会，オンライン開催，2021年8月26日–27日.
- Yukiko Ogura, Kiri Kuroda, Akitoshi Ogawa, Tomoya Tamei, Kazushi Ikeda, & Tatsuya Kameda. Behavioral and neuro-cognitive bases for formation of a shared reality through social interaction. The 27th Annual Meeting of Organization for Human Brain Mapping, online, June 21st-25th, 2021 (Poster).
- Kiri Kuroda, Mayu Takahashi, & Tatsuya Kameda. Unconfident voters undermine the accuracy of majority decision-making. The 15th Conference of European Human Behaviour and Evolution Association, online, March 24th-27th, 2021 (Oral).
- 黒田起吏「Speed-accuracy tradeoff状況における社会情報の認知処理過程」令和2年度育志賞研究発表会，オンライン開催，2021年3月10日.
- 黒田起吏・髙橋茉優・亀田達也「自信のないメンバーの投票による集合愚の発生」第13回日本人間行動進化学会，オンライン開催，2020年12月12日–13日（最優秀発表賞受賞）.
- 髙橋茉優・黒田起吏・亀田達也「経済格差の大小は再分配意思決定に影響するか」第13回日本人間行動進化学会，オンライン開催，2020年12月12日–13日.
- 黒田起吏・伊藤真利子・大槻久・亀田達也「Speed–accuracy tradeoff状況下で社会情報はどのように処理されるか」日本社会心理学会第61回大会，オンライン開催，2020年11月7日–8日.
- 黒田起吏・伊藤真利子・大槻久・亀田達也「Speed–accuracy tradeoff状況における社会情報処理の認知過程」日本心理学会第84回大会，オンライン開催，2020年9月8日–11月2日（特別優秀発表賞受賞）.
- 黒田起吏・伊藤真利子・大槻久・亀田達也「Speed–accuracy tradeoff状況における社会情報処理の認知過程」第12回日本人間行動進化学会，明治学院大学，2019年12月7日–8日 （ポスター：若手発表賞受賞）.
- 黒田起吏・伊藤真利子・大槻久・亀田達也「Speed-accuracy tradeoff状況における二者の意思決定プロセス」日本社会心理学会第60回大会，立正大学，2019年11月9–10日（口頭）.
- 黒田起吏・大槻久・亀田達也「Speed–accuracy tradeoff状況における二者の意思決定プロセス」第11回日本人間行動進化学会，高知工科大学，2018年12月1日–2日（口頭）.
- 黒田起吏・亀田達也「リスク下の社会的採餌における協力的な分業の創発 認知–生理–行動実験による検討」日本社会心理学会第59回大会，追手門学院大学，2018年8月28–29日（口頭）.
- Daniel Freund, Tobias L. Kordsmeyer, Atsushi Ueshima, Kiri Kuroda, Tatsuya Kameda, & Lars Penke. Cross-cultural perceptions of facial prosociality, attractiveness, health and dominance. The 30th Annual Human Behavior and Evolution Society Conference, the University of Amsterdam, July 4th–7th, 2018 (Oral).
- Kiri Kuroda & Tatsuya Kameda. Emergence of cooperative division of labor in dyadic foraging under risk. The 30th Annual Human Behavior and Evolution Society Conference, the University of Amsterdam, July 4th–7th, 2018 (Oral).
- 黒田起吏・亀田達也「2者のリスクモニタリング状況における協力的な分業の創発：認知–行動実験による検討」第10回日本人間行動進化学会，名古屋工業大学，2017年12月9日–10日（口頭）.
- 黒田起吏・亀田達也「信頼と裏切り回避：自他間の資源分配に関する選好と信頼行動の関係」日本社会心理学会第58回大会，広島大学，2017年10月28–29日（口頭）.
- 黒田起吏・爲井智也・池田和司・亀田達也 「二者の相互作用による知覚傾向の収束：心理物理的技法による検討」科学研究費基盤(S) ワークショップ「集合知の認知・神経・生態学的基盤」，久留米ビジネスプラザ，2017年9月23日（ポスター）.
- 黒田起吏・爲井智也・池田和司・亀田達也「二者の相互作用による知覚傾向の収束：心理物理的技法による検討」日本心理学会第81回大会，久留米シティプラザ，2017年9月20日–22日（ポスター）.
- 黒田起吏・爲井智也・池田和司・亀田達也「二者の相互作用による知覚傾向の収束：心理物理的技法による検討」第9回日本人間行動進化学会，金沢市文化ホール，2016年12月10日–11日（口頭）
- 黒田起吏・亀田達也「信頼は自己投影的な他者推論に支えられる：Social Value Orientationと裏切り回避の関係」第10回新・社会心理学コロキウム，東京大学，2016年11月25日（ポスター）.
- 黒田起吏・亀田達也「信頼は自己投影的な他者推論に支えられる：Social Value Orientationと裏切り回避の関係」第20回実験社会科学カンファレンス，同志社大学，2016年10月29日–30日 （ポスター：最優秀ポスター賞受賞）.
- 黒田起吏・爲井智也・池田和司・亀田達也「二者の相互作用による知覚傾向の収束：心理物理的技法によるSherif実験再訪」日本社会心理学会第57回大会，関西学院大学，2016年9月17日–18日（口頭）.
- 黒田起吏・爲井智也・池田和司・亀田達也「集合知の発生条件を探る：共通の反応関数の形成」第8回日本人間行動進化学会，総合研究大学院大学，2015年12月5日–6日（ポスター）.
- 黒田起吏・爲井智也・池田和司・亀田達也「集合知の発生条件を探る：共通の反応関数の形成」第19回実験社会科学カンファレンス，東京大学，2015年11月28日–29日（ポスター）.
Links
Social media
- ORCID
- Google Scholar
- Web of Science ResearcherID
- Open Science Framework
- GitHub
- ResearchGate
- researchmap
Affiliations
- Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development
- Human Behavior and Evolution Society
- European Human Behaviour and Evolution Association
- The Japanese Society of Social Psychology
- The Japanese Psychological Association
- Human Behavior and Evolution Society of Japan
Others
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The 19th mini-lecture program at UTokyo (Japanese; hosted by Center for Research and Development of Higher Education and UTokyo Library)
Contact
- kuroda@mpib-berlin.mpg.de
- Lentzeallee 94, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Monday–Friday 9:00–18:00