Kiri Kuroda
The University of Tokyo
JSPS Research Fellow
Biography
I major in social psychology at the University of Tokyo. I study social and collective decision-making in humans with behavioral experiments, eye-tracking, and cognitive modeling.
For details, please see my curriculum vitae.
Interests
- Group decision-making
- Decision under uncertainty
- Speed–accuracy tradeoff
Education
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PhD Candidate (Social Psychology), 2018–Present
The University of Tokyo
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MA (Social Psychology), 2018
The University of Tokyo
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BA (Social Psychology), 2016
The University of Tokyo
News
Papers
Inequality biases third-party evaluation of decision-making for others
People often need to make risky decisions for others, especially in policymaking, where a single decision can affect the welfare of a number of people. Given that risky decisions can yield variable outcomes and that people often evaluate policies after knowing the outcomes, the same risky policy can be evaluated differently depending on its outcome. Nevertheless, very little is known about how people make third-party evaluations of risky policies. Because people are sensitive to inequality among others, we predicted that the same policy would be evaluated more negatively if it leads to inequality rather than other outcomes. To examine this, we conducted a scenario experiment on risky and sure policies and investigated whether people’s distributive preferences moderated policy evaluation. We show that participants rated the risky policy lower when it yielded unequal situations between the recipients. Interestingly, participants did not evaluate the risky policy higher than the sure policy even when the risky policy yielded more desirable outcomes. In addition, participants who preferred sure distributions as decision makers or recipients showed the inequality aversion, whereas participants who preferred risky distributions showed no such pattern. Our results suggest that policy evaluation may be susceptible to the risks and inequality of outcomes among recipients.
Investor's pessimistic and false belief about trustworthiness and stake size in trust decision
Trust is a vital element of any society. Previous studies using trust games have provided insight into understandings of trusting behavior. However, investors' behaviors can be confounded by their risk preferences in the game, and little is known about the relationship between stake size and beliefs of others' good intentions underlying trust. We thus used a variant of the trust game and conducted two experiments to examine how stake size affects investors' beliefs about receivers' trustworthiness, with model‐based analyses. We showed that, when holding all else equal, investors trusted more, but their expectations of reciprocation declined as stake size increased. However, actual receivers' reciprocation rates showed the opposite trend to investors' pessimistic beliefs. Furthermore, following previous studies in social psychology, we hypothesized that investors' social preferences (social value orientation) moderated the beliefs underlying trust, but they had no explanatory powers in investors' expectations of reciprocation. These results suggest that peoples' naive beliefs about stake size play a more important role in trust decisions than expected.
Bilateral (but not unilateral) interaction creates and cements norms at the covert psychophysical level: A behavioral and an fMRI study
Social norms, including values, beliefs and even perceptions about the world, are preserved and created through repeated interactions between individuals. However, whereas neuro-cognitive research on social norms has used the “unilateral influence” paradigm focusing on people’s reactions to extant standards, little is known about how our basic perceptions and judgments are shaped as new norms through bilateral interaction. Here, using a simple estimation task, we investigated the formation of perceptual norms using two experiments coupled with computational modeling. In the behavioral experiment, participants in dyads repeatedly estimated the number of dots on a screen and viewed each other’s answers. In the fMRI experiment, we manipulated the interaction process by pairing each participant with a computer agent which adjusted its estimations reciprocally to participants’ estimations (bilateral agent) or did not (unilateral). The results indicated that only the bilateral interaction yielded convergence of participants’ covert psychophysical functions (relations between subjective estimations and the actual number of dots) as well as overt behavioral responses within a pair. Bilateral interaction also increased the stability (reliability) of the covert function within each individual after interaction. Neural activity in the mentalizing network (right temporoparietal junction and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex) during interaction modulated the stabilization of the psychophysical function. These results imply that bilateral interaction helps people to cognitively anchor their views with each other. Such spontaneous perspective sharing can yield a shared covert “generative model” that enables endogenous agreement on totally new targets ― one of the key features of social norms.
You watch my back, I'll watch yours: Emergence of collective risk monitoring through tacit coordination in human social foraging
Predation risk is a significant concern when social animals including humans engage in foraging. When people search for resources together, individuals often find themselves in a producer–scrounger game, in which some individuals bear the cost of risk monitoring while others can free ride on those efforts. A theoretically rational strategy is to mix foraging and risk monitoring randomly with the same probability across all members, but such uncoordinated action often yields inefficiencies of under- or over-supply of risk monitoring in a group. Here, we examined whether people could spontaneously develop a coordinated risk-monitoring system, alternating vigilance and foraging in a pair. Given that human cooperation is vulnerable to fear of exploitation and emotional arousal under risk, we hypothesized that such sources of anxiety would be potential disruptors to coordination. In a laboratory experiment, two participants worked on a “treasure hunt” task simultaneously, in which they chose between low or high vigilance against predators during foraging without verbal communication. If one chose high vigilance with personal cost, it yielded a spillover benefit to the other. Besides behavioral choices, each participant’s physiological arousal (skin conductance response) and cognitive effort (tonic pupil dilation) were measured during the task. Results showed that some pairs were actually able to develop a role-alternating system over time through tacit coordination, but coordinated action was also vulnerable to anxiety and mistrust among participants. Overall, these results imply that, besides the mutual behavioral control that often characterizes repeated interaction, cognitive control of emotional arousal may be a critical psychological factor for the emergence of coordinated cooperation.
The perception of spontaneous and volitional laughter across 21 societies
Laughter is a nonverbal vocalization occurring in every known culture, ubiquitous across all forms of human social interaction. Here, we examined whether listeners around the world, irrespective of their own native language and culture, can distinguish between spontaneous laughter and volitional laughter—laugh types likely generated by different vocal-production systems. Using a set of 36 recorded laughs produced by female English speakers in tests involving 884 participants from 21 societies across six regions of the world, we asked listeners to determine whether each laugh was real or fake, and listeners differentiated between the two laugh types with an accuracy of 56% to 69%. Acoustic analysis revealed that sound features associated with arousal in vocal production predicted listeners’ judgments fairly uniformly across societies. These results demonstrate high consistency across cultures in laughter judgments, underscoring the potential importance of nonverbal vocal communicative phenomena in human affiliation and cooperation.
Awards & Grants
Repayment Exemption of JASSO Scholarship (Category 1)
Career
JSPS Research Fellow (DC2)
As a supplementary prize of the 11th JSPS Ikushi Prize
Teaching Assistant
Research Method in Social Psychology IV
Teaching Assistant
Research Method in Social Psychology IV
JSPS Research Fellow (DC1)
Teaching Assistant
Research Method in Social Psychology
Teaching Assistant
Laboratory Course in Experimental Social Psychology (1)
Talks
- 黒田起吏・髙橋茉優・亀田達也「自信のないメンバーによる投票バイアスが集合愚を生む」日本心理学会第85回大会，オンライン開催，2021年9月1日–8日.
- 髙橋茉優・黒田起吏・亀田達也「格差是正と再分配意思決定に関する実験的検討」日本心理学会第85回大会，オンライン開催，2021年9月1日–8日.
- 黒田起吏・髙橋茉優・亀田達也「自信のないメンバーの投票による多数決の精度の低下」日本社会心理学会第62回大会，オンライン開催，2021年8月26日–27日.
- 髙橋茉優・黒田起吏・亀田達也「格差是正と再分配意思決定に関する実験的検討」日本社会心理学会第62回大会，オンライン開催，2021年8月26日–27日.
- Yukiko Ogura, Kiri Kuroda, Akitoshi Ogawa, Tomoya Tamei, Kazushi Ikeda, & Tatsuya Kameda. Behavioral and neuro-cognitive bases for formation of a shared reality through social interaction. The 27th Annual Meeting of Organization for Human Brain Mapping, online, June 21st-25th, 2021 (Poster).
- Kiri Kuroda, Mayu Takahashi, & Tatsuya Kameda. Unconfident voters undermine the accuracy of majority decision-making. The 15th Conference of European Human Behaviour and Evolution Association, online, March 24th-27th, 2021 (Oral).
- 黒田起吏「Speed-accuracy tradeoff状況における社会情報の認知処理過程」令和2年度育志賞研究発表会，オンライン開催，2021年3月10日.
- 黒田起吏・髙橋茉優・亀田達也「自信のないメンバーの投票による集合愚の発生」第13回日本人間行動進化学会，オンライン開催，2020年12月12日–13日（最優秀発表賞受賞）.
- 髙橋茉優・黒田起吏・亀田達也「経済格差の大小は再分配意思決定に影響するか」第13回日本人間行動進化学会，オンライン開催，2020年12月12日–13日.
- 黒田起吏・伊藤真利子・大槻久・亀田達也「Speed–accuracy tradeoff状況下で社会情報はどのように処理されるか」日本社会心理学会第61回大会，オンライン開催，2020年11月7日–8日.
- 黒田起吏・伊藤真利子・大槻久・亀田達也「Speed–accuracy tradeoff状況における社会情報処理の認知過程」日本心理学会第84回大会，オンライン開催，2020年9月8日–11月2日（特別優秀発表賞受賞）.
- 黒田起吏・伊藤真利子・大槻久・亀田達也「Speed–accuracy tradeoff状況における社会情報処理の認知過程」第12回日本人間行動進化学会，明治学院大学，2019年12月7日–8日 （ポスター：若手発表賞受賞）.
- 黒田起吏・伊藤真利子・大槻久・亀田達也「Speed-accuracy tradeoff状況における二者の意思決定プロセス」日本社会心理学会第60回大会，立正大学，2019年11月9–10日（口頭）.
- 黒田起吏・大槻久・亀田達也「Speed–accuracy tradeoff状況における二者の意思決定プロセス」第11回日本人間行動進化学会，高知工科大学，2018年12月1日–2日（口頭）.
- 黒田起吏・亀田達也「リスク下の社会的採餌における協力的な分業の創発 認知–生理–行動実験による検討」日本社会心理学会第59回大会，追手門学院大学，2018年8月28–29日（口頭）.
- Daniel Freund, Tobias L. Kordsmeyer, Atsushi Ueshima, Kiri Kuroda, Tatsuya Kameda, & Lars Penke. Cross-cultural perceptions of facial prosociality, attractiveness, health and dominance. The 30th Annual Human Behavior and Evolution Society Conference, the University of Amsterdam, July 4th–7th, 2018 (Oral).
- Kiri Kuroda & Tatsuya Kameda. Emergence of cooperative division of labor in dyadic foraging under risk. The 30th Annual Human Behavior and Evolution Society Conference, the University of Amsterdam, July 4th–7th, 2018 (Oral).
- 黒田起吏・亀田達也「2者のリスクモニタリング状況における協力的な分業の創発：認知–行動実験による検討」第10回日本人間行動進化学会，名古屋工業大学，2017年12月9日–10日（口頭）.
- 黒田起吏・亀田達也「信頼と裏切り回避：自他間の資源分配に関する選好と信頼行動の関係」日本社会心理学会第58回大会，広島大学，2017年10月28–29日（口頭）.
- 黒田起吏・爲井智也・池田和司・亀田達也 「二者の相互作用による知覚傾向の収束：心理物理的技法による検討」科学研究費基盤(S) ワークショップ「集合知の認知・神経・生態学的基盤」，久留米ビジネスプラザ，2017年9月23日（ポスター）.
- 黒田起吏・爲井智也・池田和司・亀田達也「二者の相互作用による知覚傾向の収束：心理物理的技法による検討」日本心理学会第81回大会，久留米シティプラザ，2017年9月20日–22日（ポスター）.
- 黒田起吏・爲井智也・池田和司・亀田達也「二者の相互作用による知覚傾向の収束：心理物理的技法による検討」第9回日本人間行動進化学会，金沢市文化ホール，2016年12月10日–11日（口頭）
- 黒田起吏・亀田達也「信頼は自己投影的な他者推論に支えられる：Social Value Orientationと裏切り回避の関係」第10回新・社会心理学コロキウム，東京大学，2016年11月25日（ポスター）.
- 黒田起吏・亀田達也「信頼は自己投影的な他者推論に支えられる：Social Value Orientationと裏切り回避の関係」第20回実験社会科学カンファレンス，同志社大学，2016年10月29日–30日 （ポスター：最優秀ポスター賞受賞）.
- 黒田起吏・爲井智也・池田和司・亀田達也「二者の相互作用による知覚傾向の収束：心理物理的技法によるSherif実験再訪」日本社会心理学会第57回大会，関西学院大学，2016年9月17日–18日（口頭）.
- 黒田起吏・爲井智也・池田和司・亀田達也「集合知の発生条件を探る：共通の反応関数の形成」第8回日本人間行動進化学会，総合研究大学院大学，2015年12月5日–6日（ポスター）.
- 黒田起吏・爲井智也・池田和司・亀田達也「集合知の発生条件を探る：共通の反応関数の形成」第19回実験社会科学カンファレンス，東京大学，2015年11月28日–29日（ポスター）.
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Affiliations
- Department of Social Psychology, The University of Tokyo
- Human Behavior and Evolution Society
- European Human Behaviour and Evolution Association
- The Japanese Society of Social Psychology
- The Japanese Psychological Association
- Human Behavior and Evolution Society of Japan
Others
Contact
- kuroda.kiri@gmail.com
- Dept. Social Psychology, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033
- Monday–Friday 9:00–18:00